1860s-1886 (Pre Color Line)
Historically, the Negro Leagues existed between 1920 and 1948. However, there were many Black baseball teams formed in the 19th century that served as precursors. This period was marked by the creation of Black baseball teams and increasing hostility towards Black players on White teams.
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November 15, 1859
Earliest known game between two Black teams in Queens, NY
Henson Base Ball Club defeated the Unknowns of Weeksville in Brooklyn 54-43.13
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1865-1871
Philadelphia Pythian Baseball Club
Formed by Octavius Catto (1st pic) & Jacob White Jr, this was one of the earliest all-Black baseball clubs.
September 3, 1869 - played in the first interracial baseball game against the Olympic Club, losing 44-23.
1867 - rejected by the National Association of Base Ball Players, setting precedent for segregation in the sport.1 -
1878-1895
Career of Bud Fowler (HOF)
First known Black baseball player. He roamed through several minor league teams, unable to remain long because of racism.2
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1884
Moses Fleetwood Walker & Weldy Walker played in the major league
These brothers (2nd pic is Moses) were the first and second Black men, respectively, to play on a major league team: the Toledo Blue Stockings. Opponents, such as Cap Anson, protesting their presence led to the color line in 1887.3
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1885-1915
Formation of the Cuban Giants
Originating in Babylon, NY, this was the first fully salaried Black baseball club (3rd pic)4
Notable players included5- Sol White (HOF)
- Ben Boyd
- Abe Harrison
- Clarence Williams
- George Williams
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1886
Formation of the Southern League of Colored Ball Ballists
First attempt at organizing a professional Black baseball league. Featured teams from Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, Alabama, and Tennessee.6
Had 10 teams:- Athletics of Jacksonville
- Broads of Savannah
- Eclipse of Memphis
- Eurekas of Memphis
- Florida Clippers of Jacksonville
- Fultons of Charleston
- Georgia Champions of Atlanta
- Lafayettes of Savannah
- Macedonias of Jacksonville
- Unions of New Orleans